The AR-15 platform's modularity is a key feature, and few modifications are as impactful as adding a folding stock. This allows for more compact storage and easier transportation, making it popular among both civilian owners and military/law enforcement personnel. However, assembling an AR-15 folding stock correctly is crucial for both functionality and safety. This guide will walk you through the process step-by-step, ensuring a smooth and secure installation.
Understanding AR-15 Folding Stock Mechanisms
Before diving into the assembly, let's understand the different types of folding stock mechanisms available for the AR-15. The most common types are:
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Side-folding Stocks: These stocks fold to the side of the receiver, typically using a latch mechanism. They often require minimal modifications to the lower receiver.
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Underfolding Stocks: These stocks fold under the receiver, often requiring a specialized buffer tube or adapter. This style is less common on AR-15s.
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Brace-to-Stock Conversions: Some pistol brace designs can be converted into stocks through the addition of certain components. Check your local and state laws regarding the legality of these conversions before proceeding.
This guide will primarily focus on the assembly of side-folding stocks, as they're the most prevalent. However, the general principles remain similar across different mechanisms. Always consult the specific instructions provided with your chosen folding stock kit.
Tools and Materials Needed
Before beginning, gather the necessary tools and materials. This will vary depending on the specific folding stock system you've chosen, but generally includes:
- Your chosen AR-15 Folding Stock Kit: This will include the folding stock itself, any necessary adapters or hardware.
- Armorers Wrench: This specialized wrench is essential for tightening and loosening the castle nut on the buffer tube.
- Punch (small): Useful for driving out pins.
- Hammer (rubber mallet preferred): For gently tapping components into place.
- Screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead): Depending on the type of screws used in your stock's mounting mechanism.
- Safety Glasses: Always protect your eyes.
- Gunsmithing Mat or Clean Work Surface: Keep your parts organized and prevent scratches.
Step-by-Step AR-15 Folding Stock Assembly
Note: Always ensure your firearm is unloaded and cleared before starting any assembly or disassembly.
1. Remove the Existing Stock: If your AR-15 already has a fixed stock, remove it by carefully loosening and removing the castle nut using the armorer's wrench. Slide the buffer tube and stock off the receiver extension.
2. Install the Folding Stock Adapter (if needed): Some folding stock systems require an adapter to be installed on the buffer tube. This adapter allows the folding stock mechanism to attach securely. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper installation. This often involves aligning and tightening screws.
3. Attach the Folding Stock: Carefully attach the folding stock to the adapter or directly to the buffer tube, depending on your kit. Ensure all components are properly aligned and tightened to the manufacturer's specifications. Pay close attention to any locking mechanisms.
4. Secure the Castle Nut: Once the folding stock is attached, securely tighten the castle nut using the armorer's wrench. Avoid over-tightening, which could damage the threads.
5. Test the Folding Mechanism: Carefully test the folding mechanism to ensure it folds and unfolds smoothly and locks securely in both positions.
6. Function Check: After assembly, it's critical to thoroughly test your firearm's functionality with the new folding stock. Make sure the bolt cycles correctly, the action functions smoothly, and the firearm is safe to fire. Failure to perform this function check could lead to dangerous malfunctions. Start with a dry fire (no ammunition) and then proceed to live fire at a gun range under safe conditions.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
- Stock Does Not Fold Smoothly: This could indicate improper alignment or a loose screw. Double-check all connections and tighten any loose screws.
- Stock Does Not Lock Securely: This might be due to a faulty locking mechanism or misalignment. Carefully inspect the locking mechanism and ensure proper alignment.
- Stock Feels Loose: This means your castle nut may not be tight enough. Re-tighten the castle nut using an armorer's wrench.
Legal Considerations
The legality of folding stocks can vary depending on your location. Some jurisdictions may have restrictions on certain types of stocks, especially those that could be considered "evil features" under certain laws. Always check your local and state laws before purchasing or installing a folding stock.
Conclusion
Assembling an AR-15 folding stock can be a straightforward process with the proper knowledge and tools. Following this guide and the manufacturer's instructions meticulously will help ensure a safe and effective installation. Remember that safety is paramount – always prioritize safe gun handling practices and thorough function checks before firing your weapon after any modifications. If you are unsure about any step, seek assistance from a qualified gunsmith.