The Mossberg 500 is a popular shotgun choice for hunters, and selecting the right choke tube is crucial for success, especially when pursuing turkeys. This guide delves into the specifics of Mossberg 500 20 gauge turkey chokes, helping you choose the best option for your hunting needs. We'll cover choke types, patterns, and considerations to optimize your shooting experience.
Understanding Turkey Hunting and Choke Tubes
Turkey hunting demands precision. Unlike other game, turkeys require tight shot patterns for effective kills at typical hunting distances. This is where the choke tube plays a pivotal role. A choke tube constricts the barrel's opening, influencing the shot's dispersal. For turkeys, you'll want a choke that provides a dense pattern at a range where you can accurately place your shots.
Types of Mossberg 500 20 Gauge Turkey Chokes
Mossberg offers several options within its 20 gauge turkey choke lineup. While the exact model numbers can vary slightly, common types include:
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Extra Full: This choke provides the tightest pattern, ideal for longer ranges (40+ yards). However, it requires exceptional accuracy and may lead to less forgiveness if your aim isn't perfect. Over-choking can also lead to reduced shot density.
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Full: A balanced option providing a dense pattern effective at moderate to long ranges (30-40 yards). It’s a popular choice offering a good blend of pattern density and shot spread.
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Improved Cylinder: This is generally too open for turkey hunting. It's designed for close-range situations and produces a wide shot pattern which is not suitable for the precise shots needed to harvest turkeys.
Choke Tube Material and Construction
Most Mossberg 500 turkey chokes are constructed from hardened steel, ensuring durability and longevity. Some higher-end models may incorporate materials like nickel-plated steel for added corrosion resistance. Always check the manufacturer's specifications to confirm the material. Pay attention to the choke tube's threading to ensure it's compatible with your Mossberg 500.
Pattern Testing: Crucial for Optimal Performance
The best way to determine the ideal choke for your gun and ammunition combination is through pattern testing. This involves shooting at a target at various ranges (20, 30, 40 yards) to assess the shot pattern's density and spread.
Here's how to perform a pattern test:
- Set up a target: Use a large sheet of paper or cardboard.
- Measure distance: Shoot from the distances you expect to encounter during hunting.
- Consistent shooting technique: Maintain a consistent stance and shooting technique for accurate results.
- Analyze the patterns: Evaluate the shot distribution on the target. You’re aiming for a dense, even pattern with minimal flyers.
Note: Always practice safe gun handling techniques when performing pattern tests.
Factors influencing shot patterns:
Beyond the choke tube itself, several other factors influence the shot pattern:
- Ammunition: Different shot sizes and shell manufacturers will influence your shot patterns. Experiment with different loads.
- Barrel length: A longer barrel generally produces tighter patterns.
- Gun condition: A properly maintained gun will always perform better than a poorly maintained one.
Choosing the Right Choke for Your Hunting Style
The ideal choke selection depends heavily on your hunting style and the typical ranges you encounter.
- Long-range shots (40+ yards): An Extra Full choke might be suitable, but only if you're a very skilled shot.
- Moderate to Long ranges (30-40 yards): A Full choke is a common and versatile choice for many hunters.
- Closer ranges (20-30 yards): While less common for turkeys, a modified choke could be considered if you're frequently shooting at closer ranges.
Remember, even the best choke won't compensate for poor shooting technique or the use of unsuitable ammunition.
Maintenance and Care of Your Choke Tube
Proper choke tube maintenance is crucial for continued performance and longevity:
- Cleaning: After each shooting session, clean the choke tube with a suitable bore brush and solvent to remove any residue or debris.
- Storage: Store your choke tubes in a safe, dry place to prevent corrosion.
- Lubrication: Some shooters apply a light coating of lubricant to the choke tube before installation, although it's not strictly required.
Case Study: Comparing Choke Performance
A hunter using a Mossberg 500 20 Gauge with different chokes found the following results during pattern testing with the same ammo at 35 yards:
| Choke Type | Number of Pellets in 30" Circle | Pattern Density |
|---|---|---|
| Improved Cylinder | 150 | Low |
| Modified | 250 | Moderate |
| Full | 320 | High |
| Extra Full | 350 | Very High |
This data highlights the significant impact of the choke on pattern density, influencing shot effectiveness.
Conclusion:
Choosing the right Mossberg 500 20 gauge turkey choke requires careful consideration of factors like range, shooting style, and ammunition. Pattern testing is the most reliable way to determine the optimal choke for your specific setup. Remember, responsible and safe gun handling is paramount during any shooting activity.