Determining the date of manufacture for a Stevens Model 940 shotgun can be a fascinating journey into firearms history. Unfortunately, unlike some manufacturers who stamped serial numbers with easily decipherable date codes, Savage Arms (who manufactured the Stevens line) didn't provide a consistent, readily available system. This means pinpointing the exact year of production requires a bit of detective work. This guide will equip you with the tools and knowledge to successfully date your Stevens Model 940.
Understanding the Stevens Model 940
The Stevens Model 940 is a pump-action shotgun known for its reliability and affordability. Produced by Savage Arms, this model saw considerable production over several decades. This broad production span is precisely what complicates the dating process. Variations in markings, serial number ranges, and even subtle design differences all contribute to the challenge.
Key Features to Note for Dating
Before diving into dating methods, familiarize yourself with key features of your Model 940. These features can provide clues, though not definitive proof, about its age:
- Serial Number Location: The serial number is usually found on the bottom of the receiver. Carefully note the number itself—we'll discuss how to use it shortly.
- Receiver Markings: Look for any other markings on the receiver. These might include markings indicating gauge (12 gauge, 20 gauge, etc.), barrel length, or other specifications. These markings might offer some clues about the production period.
- Stock and Forend: The wood type, finish, and overall condition of the stock and forend can provide hints about age. Older guns might show wear and tear, while newer ones will generally be in better condition (depending, of course, on how they've been maintained).
- Barrel and Mechanical Components: Examine the barrel for any markings. Look closely at the condition of the metal, blueing, and other components like the action.
Methods for Dating Your Stevens Model 940
Unfortunately, there's no single, foolproof method. The dating process often involves combining several approaches:
1. Utilizing Serial Number Databases and Forums
Online firearms forums and databases dedicated to Stevens firearms are invaluable resources. Many enthusiasts meticulously collect serial number information and their corresponding production years. These forums often have threads dedicated to Stevens Model 940s, where you can compare your serial number to existing data. Be cautious: While these resources are helpful, they are not always complete or entirely accurate.
2. Consulting with Firearms Experts and Appraisers
Experienced gunsmiths, firearms appraisers, and collectors familiar with Stevens shotguns can often provide informed estimates based on the firearm's features and serial number. Their expertise and access to additional resources might offer greater precision. This method usually incurs a fee, however.
3. Analyzing Similar Models and Production Runs
Comparing your Model 940 to known-dated examples can sometimes yield clues. Look at auction listings, museum exhibits, or images in books and articles featuring similar firearms. Paying close attention to subtle design differences and markings can narrow down the possible production year.
4. Considering the Overall Condition and Features
As previously mentioned, the overall condition and features of your shotgun, including the type of wood, finish, and any modifications, can be helpful in making an educated guess about its age. A well-preserved shotgun with original features suggests a possibly later production date (depending on storage and use).
Case Study: A Hypothetical Stevens Model 940
Let's illustrate the process with a hypothetical example. Suppose you have a Stevens Model 940 with serial number A12345. You could:
- Search online firearms forums and databases for "Stevens Model 940 serial number A12345" or a similar range of serial numbers.
- Examine images of similar Stevens Model 940s in different periods (e.g., the 1930s vs. the 1950s) to look for stylistic differences.
- Consult with a firearms appraiser for professional assessment.
Through this combined approach, you may be able to estimate a date range, such as "likely produced between 1948 and 1952," for example. Remember that even with these methods, pinpointing the exact year might be impossible.
Conclusion: Patience and Persistence are Key
Dating your Stevens Model 940 requires patience and persistence. Due to the lack of a precise, manufacturer-provided dating system, you'll likely need to utilize multiple methods to narrow down the production date. By combining online research, expert consultation, and careful examination of your firearm, you can uncover valuable clues and approximate the year your vintage shotgun was manufactured. Remember to handle your firearm safely and responsibly throughout this process.