Failure to feed (FTF) is a frustratingly common malfunction in AR-15 rifles. It means the firearm fails to properly chamber a round from the magazine, preventing the firing cycle. Understanding the causes of AR-15 failure to feed is crucial for both safety and reliable performance. This in-depth guide will explore the various reasons why your AR-15 might suffer from FTFs, and provide practical solutions to diagnose and prevent them. Addressing AR-15 failure to feed problems requires a methodical approach, examining several potential culprits.
Common Causes of AR-15 Failure to Feed
Several factors contribute to AR-15 failure to feed issues. Let's delve into the most frequent culprits:
Magazine Issues
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Magazine Quality: Low-quality magazines are a leading cause of FTFs. Cheap magazines often have weak springs, loose follower plates, or poorly formed feed lips. Reliable magazines are essential for dependable feeding. Consider reputable brands like Magpul, Lancer, or ETS.
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Magazine Wear and Tear: Even high-quality magazines wear out over time. Bent feed lips, damaged follower plates, or weak springs can all lead to feeding problems. Inspect your magazines regularly for signs of wear and replace them as needed.
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Over-insertion: Forcibly inserting a magazine can bend or damage the feed lips, causing feeding malfunctions.
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Improper Seating: Failure to fully seat the magazine can prevent proper bullet alignment and feeding. Ensure the magazine clicks firmly into place.
Ammunition Problems
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Ammunition Type: Some ammunition types are more prone to causing feeding issues than others. Certain bullet shapes, lengths, or overall cartridge dimensions might not feed reliably in your specific AR-15.
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Ammunition Condition: Damaged, dented, or otherwise compromised ammunition will likely result in feeding problems. Always inspect your ammunition before use.
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Dirty Ammunition: Dust, dirt, or debris on the cartridges can interfere with feeding.
Bolt Carrier Group (BCG) Issues
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Dirty BCG: A dirty BCG can hinder proper bolt operation, causing feeding problems. Regular cleaning is paramount.
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Damaged or Worn BCG Parts: Damaged or worn bolt lugs, cam pin, or extractor can impede the cycling process.
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Improper BCG Lubrication: Too little or too much lubricant can negatively impact BCG function. Aim for a moderate amount of quality gun lubricant.
Upper Receiver Issues
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Improper Gas System Tuning: An incorrectly adjusted gas system can lead to problems with bolt cycling and hence feeding.
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Obstructions in the Upper Receiver: Dirt, debris, or other obstructions in the upper receiver can interfere with the smooth movement of the BCG.
Other Potential Causes
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Improper Handguard Installation: Handguards that are too tight or interfere with the BCG's movement can cause feeding issues.
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Improper Bolt Catch Engagement: If the bolt catch doesn't engage or release correctly, this will disrupt the feeding process.
Diagnosing AR-15 Failure to Feed
Troubleshooting AR-15 failure to feed involves a systematic approach:
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Start with the Simplest: Begin by checking the magazine and ammunition. Are the magazines clean and in good condition? Is the ammunition in good condition and clean?
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Visual Inspection: Carefully inspect the BCG for damage or excessive wear.
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Clean and Lubricate: Thoroughly clean and lubricate the BCG and upper receiver.
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Test with Different Magazines and Ammunition: Test your rifle with multiple magazines and different types of ammunition to isolate the problem.
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Check Gas System: Make sure the gas system is properly adjusted and functioning.
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Seek Professional Help: If the problem persists, consider seeking help from a qualified gunsmith.
Preventing AR-15 Failure to Feed
Preventive maintenance is key to avoiding FTFs:
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Regular Cleaning: Regularly clean and lubricate your AR-15.
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High-Quality Parts: Use high-quality magazines, ammunition, and other components.
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Proper Lubrication: Apply the right amount of high-quality lubricant to moving parts.
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Regular Inspection: Regularly inspect your rifle for signs of wear and tear.
By understanding the common causes of AR-15 failure to feed and adopting a systematic approach to diagnosis and prevention, you can significantly improve the reliability of your firearm. Remember, safety is paramount – if you're unsure about any aspect of diagnosing or repairing a malfunction, seek professional assistance.