Coyotes are opportunistic predators, and controlling their populations can be crucial for protecting livestock and preserving the balance of the ecosystem. Rimfire rifles offer a cost-effective and relatively quiet option for coyote hunting, particularly for those operating in areas with noise restrictions or who prefer a less powerful round. Choosing the right rimfire, however, requires careful consideration of several factors. This guide explores the best rimfire rifles for coyote hunting, examining caliber, ammunition, and hunting strategies.
Understanding the Challenges of Coyote Hunting with Rimfire
While centerfire rifles offer greater stopping power and range, rimfire rounds have their place in coyote hunting. Their lower recoil makes them easier to handle, particularly for newer hunters or those in less-than-ideal shooting positions. However, the smaller caliber necessitates precise shot placement for a clean kill. Ethical hunting requires understanding these limitations and employing appropriate tactics. A poorly placed shot can lead to a wounded animal, which is unethical and potentially dangerous.
Caliber Considerations: .22 Long Rifle vs. .17 HMR vs. .22 Magnum
The choice of caliber significantly impacts your success. The most popular choices for rimfire coyote hunting are:
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.22 Long Rifle (.22LR): The most common and affordable rimfire, the .22LR offers good accuracy at shorter ranges (under 100 yards). However, its relatively low energy limits its effectiveness on larger coyotes or at longer distances. High-velocity .22LR ammo can extend its effective range slightly, but shot placement remains critical. Best used for: Coyotes at close range, particularly when hunting in areas with strict noise regulations.
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.17 HMR: This high-velocity rimfire cartridge offers significantly more energy and flatter trajectory than the .22LR, extending its effective range. It's accurate and delivers impressive stopping power at ranges up to 200 yards, making it a solid choice for many coyote hunters. Best used for: Coyotes at moderate ranges, where precision and flatter trajectory are advantageous.
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.22 Winchester Magnum (.22WMR): The most powerful rimfire round commonly used, the .22 Magnum delivers the highest energy and longest effective range. Its increased recoil should be considered, and it's generally louder than the .22LR and .17 HMR. Best used for: Coyotes at longer ranges where more stopping power is needed, accepting a higher recoil.
Caliber Comparison Table:
| Caliber | Energy (ft-lbs) @ 100 yds | Effective Range (yds) | Recoil | Cost | Noise Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .22 Long Rifle | ~100-150 | <100 | Very Low | Low | Low |
| .17 HMR | ~200-250 | 150-200 | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
| .22 Magnum | ~250-350 | 150-250 | Moderate | Moderate-High | Moderate-High |
(Note: Energy and effective range values are approximate and vary based on ammunition type.)
Rifle Recommendations: Top Choices for Coyote Hunting
Selecting the right rifle is crucial. Factors such as barrel length, stock type, and overall weight all influence your shooting experience and accuracy. Some top-rated rimfire rifles for coyote hunting include:
- Ruger 10/22: A highly versatile and customizable platform, available in various configurations, making it adaptable for different hunting styles and budgets. Excellent for .22LR.
- Savage A17: A purpose-built .17 HMR rifle known for its accuracy and ease of use.
- Marlin Model 39A: A classic lever-action .22LR rifle renowned for its reliability and smooth action. Ideal for close-range hunting.
- Henry Lever Action .22 Magnum: A strong, reliable lever-action rifle for the .22 Magnum, providing good accuracy and stopping power at moderate ranges.
Ammunition Selection: Choosing the Right Round
Ammunition choice significantly affects your success rate. For .22LR, high-velocity rounds offer a flatter trajectory and increased range, however, they can be more prone to bullet deformation at longer ranges. For .17 HMR and .22 Magnum, selecting high-quality ammo designed for hunting is essential. Look for rounds with high accuracy and reliable expansion for clean kills. Always test your ammunition at your chosen range to assess accuracy and performance.
Hunting Strategies and Techniques
Successful rimfire coyote hunting relies on strategic planning and execution. Consider these techniques:
- Calling: Using electronic calls or hand calls to lure coyotes within shooting range.
- Baiting: Employing legal baiting strategies (check your local regulations) to attract coyotes.
- Stalking: Utilizing cover and concealment to approach coyotes undetected.
- Ambush Hunting: Setting up in a strategic location to wait for coyotes to pass by.
Remember that ethical hunting practices are paramount. Ensure you have a clear shot and understand the limitations of your chosen caliber. A quick, clean kill is the goal to minimize suffering.
Conclusion: The Best Rimfire for You
The "best" rimfire for coyotes depends on individual circumstances and preferences. If you're focused on shorter ranges and affordability, the .22LR is a good starting point. For extended range and increased stopping power, the .17 HMR or .22 Magnum offer compelling options. Regardless of your choice, remember to practice regularly, understand your rifle's capabilities, and always prioritize ethical hunting practices.