Choosing the right cartridge for self-defense or target shooting can be challenging. Two popular options often debated are the .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire (.22 WMR) and the 5.7x28mm. This in-depth comparison will explore the key differences between these two calibers, helping you decide which best suits your needs. We'll examine ballistics, availability, cost, applications, and more to provide a complete picture.
Ballistic Performance: A Head-to-Head Comparison
The most significant difference between the .22 WMR and the 5.7x28mm lies in their ballistic performance. The 5.7x28mm, a centerfire cartridge, delivers substantially more energy and momentum than the .22 WMR, a rimfire cartridge.
.22 WMR Performance
- Energy: Relatively low energy compared to centerfire rounds. Typical energy levels range from 200-300 ft-lbs.
- Velocity: Moderate velocity, generally around 1400-1600 fps depending on the load and barrel length.
- Penetration: Limited penetration, suitable for small game hunting and pest control but not ideal for self-defense against larger threats or barriers.
- Accuracy: Generally quite accurate at shorter ranges, making it a popular choice for target shooting.
5.7x28mm Performance
- Energy: Significantly higher energy than .22 WMR, typically exceeding 500 ft-lbs.
- Velocity: High velocity, often exceeding 2000 fps.
- Penetration: Greater penetration than .22 WMR, capable of penetrating light barriers and offering improved self-defense potential. However, over-penetration can be a concern.
- Accuracy: Known for its accuracy, particularly in specialized firearms designed for this round.
| Feature | .22 WMR | 5.7x28mm |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Rimfire | Centerfire |
| Energy (ft-lbs) | 200-300 | 500+ |
| Velocity (fps) | 1400-1600 | 2000+ |
| Penetration | Low | Moderate to High |
| Recoil | Very Low | Moderate |
| Cost per round | Relatively Low | Relatively High |
Availability and Cost: Factors to Consider
The .22 WMR enjoys wider availability and significantly lower cost per round than the 5.7x28mm. This makes it a more economical choice for plinking and target practice. However, the 5.7x28mm's specialized nature leads to higher prices for both ammunition and firearms.
Applications: Self-Defense vs. Target Shooting
The .22 WMR's limited stopping power makes it less suitable for self-defense against human threats, although it remains a viable option for small game hunting and pest control. Its accuracy and low recoil make it a popular choice for target shooting and plinking.
The 5.7x28mm, with its higher energy and penetration, is often favored for self-defense, particularly in situations where penetration through barriers is a concern. However, the potential for over-penetration is a factor to consider. It is also used in some law enforcement applications. Its accuracy makes it suitable for target shooting, although the higher cost can be a limiting factor.
Firearms Availability: A Look at the Platforms
Both calibers are available in a range of firearms, but the choices differ significantly. The .22 WMR is available in revolvers, semi-automatic pistols, and rifles, offering a wider selection at various price points. The 5.7x28mm, on the other hand, is more limited, primarily found in specific pistol models (like the FN Five-seveN) and a smaller range of carbines.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Caliber
The choice between .22 WMR and 5.7x28mm ultimately depends on your intended use and priorities. For budget-friendly target shooting and small-game hunting, the .22 WMR is a compelling option. Its affordability and wide availability make it accessible to a broad range of shooters. For situations demanding higher stopping power and penetration, such as self-defense, the 5.7x28mm offers significant advantages, despite its higher cost and limited firearm selection. Careful consideration of ballistics, cost, availability, and intended application is crucial before making a decision. Remember to always prioritize safety and responsible gun ownership.