The .22 WMR (Magnum) and the .17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire) are both popular rimfire cartridges, but they cater to different needs. This in-depth comparison will help you decide which cartridge is right for you. We'll examine their ballistics, applications, accuracy, cost, and more to give you a complete picture of the .22 Magnum vs .17 HMR debate.
Ballistics: Power and Range
The key difference between these two cartridges lies in their ballistics. The .22 WMR boasts significantly more power and a flatter trajectory.
| Feature | .22 WMR | .17 HMR |
|---|---|---|
| Caliber | .22 inches (5.6 mm) | .17 inches (4.5 mm) |
| Muzzle Velocity | 2200 fps (common) | 2550 fps (common) |
| Muzzle Energy | 210-300 ft-lbs | 170-200 ft-lbs |
| Effective Range | ~150 yards | ~100 yards |
| Recoil | Noticeably higher | Much less recoil |
| Trajectory | Flatter | Steeper |
In simple terms: The .22 WMR packs a harder punch, making it effective on smaller game at longer ranges. Its flatter trajectory means less bullet drop compensation is needed. The .17 HMR, while faster, delivers less energy, making it suitable for smaller targets at closer ranges. Its flatter trajectory means less bullet drop compensation is needed.
Case Study: Squirrel Hunting
A .22 WMR is more likely to provide a clean kill on a squirrel at 75 yards, where the .17 HMR might only wound. However, at 25 yards, the .17 HMR's superior accuracy might be preferred.
Applications: What Each Cartridge Excels At
The choice between .22 WMR and .17 HMR often comes down to intended use.
** .22 WMR excels in:**
- Larger Game: Rabbits, groundhogs, coyotes (at closer ranges), and even small deer (with proper shot placement).
- Longer Ranges: Its flatter trajectory and higher energy make it a better choice for shots beyond 50 yards.
- Pest Control: Its power makes it effective against various pests.
** .17 HMR excels in:**
- Small Game Hunting: Squirrels, prairie dogs, and other small rodents are ideal targets.
- Accuracy Shooting: Its speed and lighter weight lead to superior accuracy at close-to-medium ranges, perfect for plinking or target practice.
- Varmints: The .17 HMR provides a quick, humane dispatch for pests.
Accuracy and Precision
Both cartridges are capable of impressive accuracy, but factors like ammunition quality and rifle choice heavily influence the results. Generally, the .17 HMR shows slightly higher accuracy at shorter ranges due to its lighter bullet and higher velocity. However, the .22 WMR can still deliver impressive groups with proper ammunition and a well-maintained rifle.
Note: Barrel length also impacts accuracy. Longer barrels generally enhance accuracy and velocity for both cartridges.
Cost and Availability
The .22 WMR is generally more readily available and slightly cheaper than the .17 HMR. Ammunition prices can fluctuate, but expect to pay a premium for higher-quality .17 HMR ammunition that maximizes its accuracy potential.
Recoil: A Significant Difference
The recoil is a major differentiating factor. The .22 WMR packs a significantly more noticeable recoil compared to the .17 HMR. This is important for new shooters or those with recoil sensitivity. The .17 HMR's gentle recoil makes it a more comfortable option for extended shooting sessions.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Cartridge
The "better" cartridge depends entirely on your needs.
- Choose .22 WMR if: You need more power, a flatter trajectory, and are hunting larger game or at longer ranges.
- Choose .17 HMR if: You prioritize accuracy at closer ranges, are hunting smaller game, and prefer less recoil.
Consider your target, hunting range, shooting experience, and budget when making your decision. Both cartridges offer excellent performance in their respective niches. Testing both cartridges (if possible) is highly recommended before making a final choice.